What is the role of compression therapy in venous insufficiency?

• A. Improve arterial blood pressure
• B. Improve venous return, reduce edema, and protect tissues
• C. Decrease lymphatic drainage
• D. Improve respiratory function

Answer: (B)

Compression therapy works by applying graded external pressure to the leg, which helps venous return, reduces edema, and protects the skin. The pressure supports the calf muscle pump, increases venous velocity, and lowers venous hypertension, so fluid leakage into tissues decreases. With less edema and improved tissue perfusion, the skin is less prone to changes and breakdown, and healing of any venous ulcers is aided. It’s not intended to raise arterial blood pressure or to improve respiratory function, and while it doesn’t aim to decrease lymphatic drainage (in fact it can aid lymphatic return by reducing swelling), its primary role in venous insufficiency is to enhance venous return and tissue protection. Use is guided by arterial status and skin condition, since significant arterial disease or skin infection changes can alter safety.