Which of the following is NOT a type of massage?

• A. Trigger point
• B. Myofascial release
• C. Swedish massage
• D. Electrical stimulation

Answer: (D)

Understanding what constitutes a massage versus other rehabilitation modalities helps explain why electrical stimulation isn’t a massage. Massage involves hands-on techniques that manipulate soft tissues to improve circulation, reduce tension, and promote relaxation. Trigger point therapy focuses on specific knot-like points within a muscle. Myofascial release aims to ease restrictions in the fascia surrounding muscles. Swedish massage uses systematic long strokes, kneading, and rhythmic movements to loosen tissues and calm the body. Electrical stimulation uses electrical currents delivered through electrodes to modulate pain, promote healing, or provoke muscle contractions. It’s an electrotherapy modality, not a massage. In practice, electrical stimulation might be used alongside massage, but it remains a separate treatment approach rather than a type of massage.